Cytogenetic Effects of Ethanol Extract of Sun Dried Seeds of Soursop (Annona muricata) on The Male Germ Line Cells of The African Pest Grasshopper Zonocerus variegatus L

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of Ethanol extract of the seeds of Annona muricata on some meiotic parameters in the pest grasshopper Zonocerus variegatus. Adult grasshoppers were treated with 28μl of the Ethanol extract of sun dry seeds of Annona muricata and absolute ethanol (control) for 48 hours and all the parameters (chiasma frequency, formation of rod and ring shaped bivalents and meiotic anomalies) were affected by the extract. Chiasma formation was observed to significantly (P<0.05) increase following treatment and this was correlated by a significant increase in the formation of ring shaped bivalents. The incidences of meiotic anomalies such as laggards and bridges at first and second meiotic Anaphases, second meiotic Metaphase as well as in first and second meiotic Telophases were observed to increase when insects were treated with the ethanol extract. These observations indicated that the Ethanol extract of the seeds of A. muricata contain substances that could induce cytotoxicity. The importance of such property in the formulation of grasshopper pest control measures cannot be overemphasized. Keyword: Ethanol Extract, Sundried Seeds, Annona muricata, Cytogentic Effect, Zonocerus variegatus.